ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses the next step towards improving our understanding of the topic and the effectiveness and sustainability of China's aid in Africa. It focuses on two questions: How has China's aid been influencing African development? How have China's foreign aid outcomes been affected? The chapter explores the implementation sites of Chinese aid in Africa. It examines three traditional foreign aid packages that have been implemented according to China's foreign aid objectives as they have developed, namely to build African industrial and agricultural foundations, to reduce expenditure while consolidating outcomes and to improve people's livelihoods. The chapter brings in exclusive observations of China's planning and implementation exercises of its aid and draws upon extensive interviews with Chinese aid officials, workers and academics. From the beginning of China's aid enterprise in Africa to the end of the Cultural Revolution, its aid was predominantly influenced by political underpinnings captured in the notion of proletarian internationalism.
