ABSTRACT
One of the most important turning points in the dramatic shift in thought for teachers and parents was the work led by Jean Piaget Processes like learning, remembering, and understanding are called "cognition." Studies of cognition have focused on the acquisition of information, knowledge and skills, and retention (memory and the development of habits). Studies of cognition have focused on the acquisition of information, knowledge and skills, and retention. Remembering is an important facet of knowing. Obviously, knowing something is useful only if we can remember it. Memory is not simply a matter of retrieving information previously stored. Understanding means knowing how things work, how they go together. Through understanding, people build intellectual tools that we can use with many different kinds of content. Jean Piaget identified four stages, characterized by significant changes in the way a child is able to relate to his or her world: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.
