ABSTRACT
There are many kinds of normative reason, such as reasons for believing, for caring, and for acting. Reasons are provided by facts, such as the fact that someone's finger-prints are on some gun, or that calling an ambulance might save someone's life. According to desire-based theories, practical reasons are all provided by our desires, or aims. According to value-based theories, these reasons are provided by facts about what is relevantly good, or worth achieving. Desire-based theories are the ones that are most widely accepted. In economics and the other social sciences, rationality is often defined in a desirebased way. According to desire-based theories, in their only normative form: Some acts really are rational.
