ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an overview of nanomanufacturing challenges, top-down and bottom-up approaches, combined top-down and bottom-up approaches, nanoscale registration and alignment and reliability and defect control. It discusses the state of nanomanufac-turing in the United States through the recently finished 2005 National Center for Manufacturing Sciences Survey of Nanotechnology in the US Manufacturing Industry. The transfer of nanoscience accomplishments into technology, however, is severely hindered by a lack of understanding of barriers to manufacturing in the nanoscale dimension. The National Nanotechnology Initiative goal is to accelerate research, development, and deployment of nanotechnology to address national needs, enhance the economy, and improve quality of life in the United States and around the world. The survey covers the nanomanufacturing Industry, and recommended national priorities for the near term and strategic US industry indicators and summary trends. The field of nanomanufacturing is incredibly broad, cutting across all industries and scientific realms. Biologically-inspired assembly and molecular manufacturing is one of most challenging nanomanufacturing techniques.
