ABSTRACT
The electric power grid is organized into three major segments: generation, transmission, and distribution. Most customers purchase electric power at the service level, and then distribute it to loads on their premises. In the particular case of residential electric vehicle charging, a common limit that is encountered is the rating of the distribution transformer. These transformers generally supply several residences, and multiple electric vehicle charges can be connected to a single transformer. The transformer low-voltage side feeds a bus, and the bus in turns feeds several distribution lines. On each feeder, power flows from the substation down the feeder to the many distribution transformers that it serves. Distribution transformers step the voltage down to secondary distribution levels. The power grid includes multiple voltage transitions where transformers either step up or step down the voltage levels. Primary distribution voltages are stepped down to secondary voltage levels at or near the point of utilization.
