ABSTRACT
Security in Information and communications technology (ICT) domains, also known as cyber security, refers to the practices adopted to acquire the state of safety in which computers, networks, and communication protocols operate. Cyber security for smart grids (SG) is of immense concern because of emerging cyber-threats and security incidents targeting critical infrastructure such as SGs all over the world. A comprehensive cyber security framework for SG is required to address the vulnerabilities from connecting media to information exchanged over this very channel. An SG consists of two sets of technologies, power electronics and ICT that are integrated as one system fulfilling one goal: uninterruptable and cost-effective energy supply. Automation in SG is realized with the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. SCADA devices are real-time or non-real-time small-computer systems that each manipulates its electrical outputs based on the condition of electrical input signals and program logic.
