ABSTRACT
This chapter explores extremely low-frequency (ELF) fields from many sources, including transmission lines, distribution lines, substations, and various electrical appliances. A biological effect occurs when exposure to electromagnetic (EM) fields causes some noticeable or detectable physiological change in a living system. Health effects are often the result of biological effects that accumulate over time and depend on exposure dose. Perhaps, the explanation may go beyond the belief that EM properties of cells and tissues are prime pillars of EM interaction mechanisms by considering models for the scientific apprehension of life processes in biological systems. The basics of EM interaction with materials were elucidated over a century ago and stated as the well-known Maxwell's equations. The argument is that magnetic fields are difficult to shield, and easily penetrate buildings and people, contrary to electric fields, which have very little ability to penetrate buildings or even human skin.
