ABSTRACT
Artificial neuromorphic systems have attracted much attention as beyond- complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) systems. Nanoscale devices utilizing local ion transport have attracted significant attention as components that can extend or replace CMOS technology. These neuromorphic systems require electronic devices that can perform operations such as multibit, memristive, synaptic, and analog signal processing in contrast to current Von Neumann computers that operate using ON/OFF bistable devices. The atomic switch is a nanoionic switching device that was developed by K. Terabe et al. in which nonvolatile ON/OFF switching occurs by the growth and shrinkage of an atomic-scale conduction filament composed of metal atoms. A solid electrochemical reaction is used in atomic switches to control the diffusion of metal cations and their reduction/oxidation processes in a switching operation in which an atomic-scale metal filament that acts as a conductive path between two electrodes is formed/annihilated.
