ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the structure and applications of simulation in underwater acoustics. In the present context, the term “modeling and simulation” refers to those techniques that can predict or diagnose the performance of complex acoustic systems operating in the dynamic undersea environment. When simulating a complex assemblage of independent but interconnected systems, it is common to refer to such an assemblage as a “system-of-systems.” Simulating the performance of such an assemblage is often referred to as “end-to-end” simulation. Engineering-level simulation comprises the categories of environmental, propagation, noise, reverberation, and sonar performance models. This level of simulation generates measures of system performance that are used to design and evaluate systems and subsystems and also to support system testing. Engagement-level simulation executes engineering-level models to generate measures of system effectiveness in a particular spatial and temporal realization of an ocean environment when operating against a particular target.
