ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the mechanism and properties of lightwave modulated signals when propagating over a distance of optical fibers, the single-mode optical fibers (SMF) only, in particular standard SMF and nonzero-dispersion-shifted fibers, and dispersion-compensating fibers. Operational parameters of any electronic or photonic devices are specified for operations such as amplification, switching, or transmission, so they are required in both time and frequency domains related to the speed of the system operation. Attenuation and dispersion are the two most important effects that play major parts in optical fiber transmission systems. The dispersion and pulse broadening of optical fibers have also been reduced due to "smart design" of optical fiber structures. The solution of nonlinear Schrodinger equation and hence the modelling of pulse propagation along a single-mode optical fiber is solved numerically by using the split-step Fourier method. The optical fiber can be tailored to achieve dispersion-shifted or -flattened characteristics.
