ABSTRACT
This chapter presents an overview of at least the dominant new challenges that have to be confronted and highlights adaptive control as an alternative, though natural framework, through which Internet congestion controllers may be rigorously designed and analyzed. Severe congestion leads to network congestion collapse that was first observed in 1986. The notion of fairness in congestion control was proposed in, visualizing the problem as a fair resource allocation among competing sources. End-to-end congestion control algorithms have been associated with the Internet transport protocol Transmission Control Protocol since the work of Van Jacobson in 1988. Internet is a compilation of highly heterogeneous Internet Protocol networks, realized by different technologies that result in extreme variations in link and consequently in path characteristics. Congestion control should retain high link utilizations and fair resource sharing while preserving robust operation against variations in traffic conditions, and crucial network variables, that is, link capacities, link buffer size and propagation delays.
