ABSTRACT
This chapter considers the general appearance of a full wave. To simulate the effect of a lightning strike on the power lines connected to a transformer, standards organizations have arrived at a standard voltage waveform to be applied to the various transformer terminals undergoing impulse tests. Although these waveforms differ in peak value or basic insulation level, they have similar time characteristics. The chapter outlines a method for obtaining a set of generator parameters, if they exist, which will produce an impulse waveform closely approximating the ideal. This method requires a suitable circuit model of the impulse generator as well as of the transformer. The chapter describes the generator circuit model. It briefly discusses the transformer circuit model. For convenience, a surge arrestor is placed at some distance from a transformer to protect against an impulse or lightning strike. Thus, the impulse must travel through a length of cable before arriving at the transformer.
