ABSTRACT
Satellite radio antennas include passive antenna elements and low noise amplifiers. Early satellite radio antennas contained one element for reception of the signal transmitted by satellite and another for reception of the signal transmitted terrestrially. Antenna engineers use design solutions based on a single antenna for receiving both satellite and terrestrial signals. The single patch antenna element receives circular polarized signals from a satellite located at the high elevation angle direction and receives vertically polarized signals transmitted from a terrestrial station positioned at the low elevation angle direction. The common patch antenna used for satellite radio reception has a parasitically enhanced perimeter that extends from the circuit board and encompasses the antenna. The parameters of an antenna mounted on a car roof vary based on ground plane size. The radiation element of the antenna includes a top metallization portion and a bottom portion that is electromagnetically coupled with the top metallization through the rear wind-shield.
