ABSTRACT
Simulation is a low-cost and safe alternative for solving complex problems in various areas such as production, business, education, science, and engineering. With increased problem size and the advance of parallel computing, parallel simulation was introduced to increase the simulation speed. With the worldwide prevalence of networked computers, distributed simulation was introduced to promote the interoperability and reusability of simulation applications and to link geographically dispersed simulation components. The high-level architecture (HLA) has been standardized as IEEE 1516 for distributed simulation in September 2000 [1]. While HLA defi nes the rules, interface specifi cation and object model template (OMT), a runtime infrastructure (RTI), such as the Defense Modelling and Simulation Offi ce (DMSO) RTI [2], provides the actual implementation of the HLA standard. In HLA terminology, a distributed simulation application is called a federation that comprises several simulation components called federates; the RTI is a communication middleware through which federates in the same federation can communicate with each other.
