ABSTRACT
High-speed monolithic integrated circuits (ICs) and large-scale ICs (LSIs) are the key components for multi-gigabit data communication systems and wide-bandwidth radio communication systems. These systems include backbone networks, intercity communication networks, local area networks, and Ethernet for data communications, and microwave and millimeter-wave mobile networks, fixed wireless access (FWA), and intelligent transport systems (ITS) for radio communications. The fully integrated electronic-toll-collection (ETC) chip consists of four blocks, that is., a receiver (RX), a demodulator (DEMO), a phase locked loop (PLL), and a transmitter (TX). The chip includes a matching network circuit (MC), a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a down-conversion mixer, and radio-frequency (RF) detector circuits for the RX, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) circuit and an amplitude-shift-keying (ASK) demodulator for the DEMO, a varactor-tuned resonant-tuned-voltage control oscillator (LC-VCO) and a synthesizer for the PLL, and a modulator, a variable-gain amplifier (VGA), and power amplifier (PA) for the TX.
