ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) techniques developed for the modeling of periodic structures. After reviewing the basic principles of the FDTD method, it presents a spectral PBC for the method, which can be used in both guided wave analysis and scattering characterization. Furthermore, the array scanning method (ASM) is integrated with the spectral FDTD method to analyze a finite source in metamaterials. The FDTD method, which discretizes Maxwell’s equations in both the time and space domains, has demonstrated desirable features for the analysis of electromagnetic structures. The FDTD method has been successfully applied to analyze periodic waveguides. Since it is a time-domain method, the latter statement of the problem is more convenient for finding the dispersion curve. To take advantage of the periodic nature of metamaterials, novel time-domain algorithms formulated in the spectral domain are proposed.
