ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at the general characteristics of several representative types of sensors to see how the process generally works and the types of outputs generated. It discusses the calibration of sensors that makes them function as reliable measurement instruments. The chapter describes how signal processing electronics are used to convert the sensor output into a Pulse code modulation data stream and explains the operating characteristics of several common sensors. It reviews standard definitions related to measurements, sensors, and the quality of the results and examines several sensor classes that can be used in telemetering systems. The chapter provides the ways resistive devices are used and how temperature compensation can be accomplished. In particular looks at: Pressure, strain, or force measurements, temperature measurements, light measurements and position measurements. Semiconductor devices can also be used as temperature sensors. A semiconductor junction is temperature sensitive and this property can be used to fabricate a thermometer.
