ABSTRACT
Digital video service has become an integral part of entertainment, education, broadcasting, communication, and business arenas. Digital camcorders are more preferred than analog ones in the consumer market with their convenience and high quality. Quantization of the sampled data is performed to quantify with a finite number of levels. Original video/image data containing any kind of correlation or redundancy can be compressed by appropriate techniques such as predictive or transform based coding that reduces correlation inherently. Digital image is visual information represented in a discrete form, suitable for digital electronic storage and transmission. The chapter presents a simple introduction to digital video/image compression and coding. It also describes various compression and coding techniques. In the international coding standard for still images, Joint Photographic Experts Group, differential coding is used in the lossless mode and in the discrete cosine transform-based mode for coding DC coefficients. Motion-compensated coding is essentially a predictive coding technique applied to video sequences involving displacement motion vectors.
