ABSTRACT
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Much of the single mode optical fiber development effort during the 1990s was focused on optimizing fiber performance in long-haul transmission systems that carry OC-192 (10 Gb/s) signals and utilize dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and erbium-doped optical fiber technologies. Terrestrial long-haul DWDM systems initially operated within the 35-nm wide spectral band known as the C-band (1530 to 1565 nm) and electrical regeneration was typically required at intervals of 1000 km or less. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technologies have currently advanced to support wider optical bandwidths across the S-, C-, and L-bands, increased signal rates of 40 Gb/s or higher and ultra longhaul, unregenerated transmission distances of greater than 1500 km.
