ABSTRACT
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Cost-effective short-haul but high-capacity optical transport systems are becoming increasingly important for metropolitan-area and access applications; examples are metro-feeders, inter-or intra-office links between routers and cross-connects, and storage-area networks. Access links of this kind are characterized by transmission distances of 10 to 100 km. Until recently, lighting a single wavelength channel (typically at 1310 nm), or in some applications two wavelengths (at 1310 and 1550 nm) was sufficient to support the required capacities over the deployed single-mode fiber infrastructure. Such two-wavelength systems were initially called coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) in order to distinguish them from the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems used for long-haul transport.
