ABSTRACT
This chapter examines some realistic defects to fault models and observable errors. It explores an experiment to evaluate the manifestation of electrode shorts at the fluidic behavioral level. The chapter presents a testing methodology based on graph theory to detect catastrophic faults, including those caused by electrode shorts. It discusses fault modeling for digital microfluidic biochips. The chapter also presents an experimental short to evaluate the effect of electrode short defects and a graph theory–based testing methodology. It investigates both offline and online testing methods. The chapter discusses diagnosis techniques to locate faulty cells in the microfluidic array. It also examines the proposed test and diagnosis methodology by applying it to a biochip that can be used for point-of-care medical diagnostics. The chapter utilizes the real-life application example, multiplexed glucose assay and lactate assay, to illustrate how a Euler circuit–based method can be used for offline testing, online testing, and diagnosis in digital microfluidic biochips.
