ABSTRACT
In a three-phase AC system, all the phases are loaded to distribute power in a balanced manner; otherwise, the system remains unbalanced. In such a case, a neutral is incorporated to divert the excess load of any phase and balance the system. At times, a neutral is used for supplying loads for lighting purposes as well. Generally, three insulated conductors have to run in parallel with a neutral (earthed condition). There are two types of systems used predominantly in any power generating system: a star type with three phases and a neutral. The delta connected system is generally without a neutral, where the phase voltage is equal to the line voltage. In a star connected system, the line voltage is equal to the root of three times of the phase voltage. This is true for low voltage (LV) distribution lines. For high voltage (HV) and extra high voltage (EHV) cables, the three cores have to be laid in parallel. Normally, all the phases are loaded in a balanced condition.
