ABSTRACT
162In this work an attempt w The values of concentration of carvone as made to find a suitable method for extraction of carvone from caraway seeds (Carum carvi). Conventional method of Soxhlet extraction and the non-conventional techniques such as ultrasound- assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were compared. MAE was found to be a better method as compared with the other two methods. Various parameters such as extraction time, seed to solvent ratio, particle size, and microwave power have been studied using MAE to obtain the optimum values for maximum yield of carvone. Maximum yield of 10.03 mg carvone/g was obtained using Soxhlet extraction after 3 h at 69°C. However, 8.77 mg carvone/g seed was obtained with MAE in just 30 min at conditions of 1:10 seed: solvent ratio, 420 W microwave power, and 0.125 mm particle size using hexane as solvent at 60°C. UAE using ultrasound bath with 53 kHz frequency however gave lower yield of 2.74 mg carvone/g after 30 min. The kinetics of extraction was studied using Peleg’s model and was corroborated by plotting predicted and experimental values of carvone yield with good agreement.
