ABSTRACT
In most liquids and gases at low Mach numbers, the density of a fluid is constant, regardless of any small pressure fluctuations in the flow field. The flow through the pipe is purely one dimensional, and the fluid can be either a liquid or a vapor. In addition to area changes caused by a blockage or the expansion or contraction of a pipe, there is another way that the fluid can be accelerated or decelerated. A diffuser is a device that slows down the fluid that passes through it and the causes its kinetic energy to decrease. The terms in Bernoulli’s equation represent different forms of pressure, and this means that the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the fluid can be converted into flow energy along a streamline. This energy conversion process is then what causes the total pressure to change.
