ABSTRACT
Bioprocessing advancements for cleaner fuel synthesis seem to make a lot of sense because they require less energy input, cost less, and have fewer environmental impacts compared with fossil fuels. This chapter describes the processes and trending advancements in technologies for bioprocessing biomass to produce biofuels with the aim of promoting a green and clean environment. Any biomass-based biorefinery is largely dependent the fullest possible utilization of raw biomass for maximum recovery of product and lowest cost so that the production model will be working in profit mode. The difference between production and consumption is balanced by advanced biofuel utilization strategies adopted by existing automotive engine manufacturers and heating industries with not much change in the existing systems. Organic solvents used in biorefineries include alcohols, phenols, amines, and ketones. Lower dipole interaction makes organic solvents better than water as a suspending medium in bioproduct extraction processes. Microwave biomass carbonization can produce bio-oil, wood vinegar, syngas, and organic acids.
