Macao as a Religious and Commercial Entrepôt in the 16th and 17th Centuries

The close connection between God and Mammon, between the Cross and the Crown, between things spiritual and things mercantile, in the history of the City of the Name of God of Macao in China, is obvious to anyone at all familiar with its past. On this occasion, I intend to discuss some aspects of this theme within the following periodization:

(a) The Japan Trade Cycle, 1557-1640.

(b) The years of crises, 1640-1670.

(c) Macao Preserved, 1670-1700, and the “dream of Japan.”