ABSTRACT
Part Two focussed upon the creation of places by official agencies acting in some public interest. Here, we shift the viewpoint to the consumer, largely as citizen and local resident. This raises the question: 'are popular senses of place significantly different from official ones or can the latter only ever be an aggregate and expression of the former?' Again, do the two coexist at different scales and with different purposes? The imposition of heritage designations alters the character of a building or area, which thus becomes monumental and historic with potential consequences for the sense of place held by insiders and outsiders. If there is a collective sense of place, then what are the place identities of those who - for whatever reasonsfeel themselves to be ignored, alienated and marginalized? They may be displaced by such exclusion in a cultural, social or even physical sense but they may also attempt to create places for themselves which stand outside official representations. In a real sense, in these territories, the outsiders become insiders.
