ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on three aspects, malaria vectors and ecology, the incidence and control of malaria in urban India in the past and present, and the need for health planning derived through the debate regarding eradication by vaccination. Malaria is caused only by the female anopheles mosquito. The history of urban malaria in India can be divided into a series of phases, based upon chronology and related technological advancement which reflects itself in the measures adopted to combat the disease. The basic thrust of the anti-malarial programs was to destroy mosquito larvae, both permanent and seasonal. The identification of “a hyper-endemic area was followed by various anti-malaria drives beginning in 1953. The resurgence of malaria has been an unpleasant experience, and the fact that urban India is the focus of the country’s economy underlines the importance of studying this phenomenon. In 1948, the Malaria Survey of India prepared a map of healthy, partially endemic, and endemic areas.
