ABSTRACT
Luther, we have observed, made no liturgical reforms until 1523, and when he did, it was in reaction not primarily against his Catholic opponents, but against those he regarded as dangerous fanatics who had rushed ahead, and, so he claimed, had misunderstood him. Andreas Karlstadt, taking Luther’s use of the word ‘faith’ in a subjective manner, had by the end of 1523 rejected infant baptism, insisting that water without faith was no more efficacious than a bath. Another ‘fanatic’ to Luther’s mind was Thomas Müntzer of Allstedt.
