ABSTRACT
This chapter advances further reasons for fostering a public-spirited culture by an examination of what appears to be another major global trend of our time: the retreat into 'tribalist' patterns of behaviour. In response to the processes of late modernity, rather than pursuing or just pursuing individualistic strategies some people are retreating to their particular 'tribe' or tribes. This is evident in the reinvigoration of ethnic, racial and national identities, in the forms of exclusion and discrimination operating against minorities and immigrant groups, in separatist or independence movements and in religious fundamentalism. The chapter examines three aspects of this issue: the 'retreat into tribalism', the growth of identity politics, and 'tribalism' in relation to a public-spirited culture. It is argued that the latter can begin to tackle some of the worst excesses of the former. The degree of interaction and active participation developing such a culture would require could help to generate shared values and a sense of common purpose.
