ABSTRACT
The GATT Uruguay Round was supposed to be completed at the December 1990 Brussels ministerial, but discussed the fact that those near the top of the global trade regime pyramid did not provide the leadership necessary to conclude an agreement at Brussels. Developed country-led institutions such as the G7, the Quad, and the OECD were finding it difficult to influence the Uruguay Round negotiations. The Quad provided a more concrete contribution when it helped to negotiate a market access agreement in July 1993 that had a critical role in the completion of the Uruguay Round. It did much of the background work for the major traders, because the G7 had an overloaded agenda and the Quad trade ministers could focus their attention on the Uruguay Round. The OECD's shortcomings demonstrated that the developed countries could not achieve their objectives in specific agreements without support from important developing countries.
