ABSTRACT
The chronicles of Kievan Russia give practically no information about the organization of the building process. Sometimes later Russian sources can be used as analogies, as can West European material, both written and pictorial. There are also Byzantine miniatures representing the building process.1 However, these miniatures should be treated with care, since they may illustrate a different building practice. Therefore the building process in Kievan Russia can be reconstructed only from data obtained from studies of the structures themselves and from archaeological information.
