ABSTRACT
This chapter examines how a liar leaves clues as a direct result of his conscious objectives and, much more importantly, scattered unconsciously in ways he never intended. In most cases, a liar has conscious objectives, which are to distort what he knows to be the truth and to communicate the modified story to another person with the intention of misleading him. In fraud cases, achievement liars usually revert to their dishonesty once they believe it is safe for them to do so. Thus, this makes it imperative that suspicions of dishonesty are resolved. Most liars will make every effort to avoid being caught in a barefaced lie for which they have no plausible excuse. The liar will unconsciously use a range of techniques to reduce his anxiety when delivering an untruthful response. Possibly the most important are his use of manipulators, defensive body language and from his attitude.
