ABSTRACT
Net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Kazakhstan fell by 64 per cent between 1990 and 1999, reaching their lowest recorded value: 127 MtCO2e. Fuel combustion was responsible for 80 per cent of the total GHG emissions in 2012, according to the GHG emissions inventory of Kazakhstan. Power plants accounted for 51 per cent of fuel combustion emissions, mostly due to coal-fired power plants. The inefficiencies of the country's energy system can be analysed with the fuel–energy balance of Kazakhstan. The ratio of the total final consumption over the total primary energy supply shows that only 55 per cent of the energy produced in the country is delivered to the final demand sectors. The primary goal of this chapter is to prepare GHG emissions scenarios with a bottom-up technical-economical model under updated economic development assumptions and to estimate sectoral mitigation potential.
