ABSTRACT
Physiological disorders are abnormal non-pathological changes in plant tissues expressed in response to the interaction between genotype and environment. Plant physiological disorders have not been reported in wild species, which may be explained by natural selection that excludes genotypes presenting low adaptation to the environment. Crop plants, however, have been reported to develop a wide range of physiological disorders, suggesting that mechanisms leading to physiological disorders have also been selected during plant breeding for human purposes. Plants are complex organisms composed of different tissues and living cells with biological activities genetically regulated and highly affected by the environment. Environment stresses can have a great impact on the development of physiological disorders in plants. The environment is composed of complex abiotic stresses that must be counteracted by complex plant responses. Growth and development are highly regulated by the genetic information present in each genotype.
