ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses at the effect of the sanctions regime and the early process of technology denial. It identifies some of the economic and humanitarian consequences in Iran as well as Iran's strategies to cope with them. Economic disruption caused by sanctions is expected to translate into political pressure that will eventually compel the leadership in the target country to change its policies, or will lead to its overthrow. The relationship between economic pain and policy changes is by no means automatic. In nonproliferation, sanctions are a more coercive tool than inspections, but less coercive than military threats and interventions. They are economic warfare and operate in the same way as military warfare: by inflicting pain and offering continued suffering unless the target complies. There are two types of sanctions: targeted sanctions and more general economic sanctions. The most common practice of the European Union (EU) is to adopt sanctions called for by UN Security Council resolutions.
