ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a comprehensive update of the dose constraints and available models for the stomach, the duodenum, the liver and the central hepatobiliary tract in conventional and hypofractionated radiotherapy. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a well-tolerated therapy in adequately selected hepatocellular carcinoma patients, while those with worse underlying liver function are more at risk for toxicity. Radiotherapy (RT) of abdominopelvic primary or secondary lesions in conformal or stereotactic techniques is in full development. The risk of gastroduodenal toxicity after RT in cirrhotic patients may be higher than that of non-cirrhotic patients due to the poorer gastric defense mechanism. The online adaptive replanning is a labour intensive procedure not yet suitable for routine in RT as it requires the approval of new contours and of modified plans but it could have some applications for specific situation such as SBRT.
