ABSTRACT
The details of human neuroanatomy are vast, intricate, and continually expanding. A working knowledge of neuroanatomy is fundamental for neuropsychologists. This chapter presents an overview of human neuroanatomy while emphasizing the most relevant aspects for those engaged in the neuropsychological study of higher functions. It provides a discussion on various MR imaging techniques to highlight neuroanatomy. The chapter also provides an overview on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods for neuroanatomic identification. Since the introduction of CT in the early 1970s, the fidelity of brain imaging to visualize gross brain anatomy has improved at a rapid pace hastened by the development of MRI. The neuropsychologist plays a crucial role in characterizing the nature and severity of the syndrome, defining the likely localization of the problem, helping to guide further diagnostic testing, assisting with providing the best possible medical care, and contributing to neuroscientific research on cerebral localization.
