ABSTRACT
The main non-structural function of masonry elements is as a cladding to buildings and the key function of such elements is to maintain habitable conditions within the building. It is important to know how effective masonry wall systems are at preventing heat loss in winter and maintaining comfortable conditions in summer, preventing ingress of wind and rain, reducing noise transmission and limiting the spread of fire should it break out. Masonry materials fall in a band between the two extremes. The property is important in that it affects the winter heat loss from a building through the walls and thus the energy efficiency of the structure. All masonry component materials are porous, however, and there are always some imperfections in the bond and seal of the mortar joints and the workmanship that will admit some water so no solid masonry wall is likely to be absolutely watertight.
