ABSTRACT
Plant tissue culture involves asexual methods of propagation and its primary goal is crop improvement. The success of many in vitro selection and genetic manipulation techniques in higher plants depends on the success of in vitro plant regeneration. Clonal propagation in vitro is called micropropagation. The significant advantage offered by the aseptic methods of clonal propagation over the conventional methods is that in a relatively short span of time and space, a large number of plants can be produced starting from a single individual. Micropropagation and plant regeneration can be grouped into the following categories: enhanced release of axillary bud proliferation, organogenesis, and somatic embryogenesis. Plant production through organogenesis can be achieved by two modes: organogenesis through callus formation with de novo origin and emergence of adventitious organs from the explant. In somatic embryogenesis the embryos regenerate from somatic cells, tissues or organs either de novo or directly from the tissues, which is the opposite of zygotic or sexual embryogenesis.
