ABSTRACT
Due to the fact that vehicles that run on oil are dominant in road transport, it is justified to conduct studies of reducing emissions of pollutants from such cars.
One of the fundamental parameters characterizing the engine operating conditions, and especially the process of compounding a mixture, is the air fuel ratio (AFR) λ. The emission of basic toxic compounds is largely determined by the value of this ratio (Fig. 1). If a mixture allowing complete fuel combustion is produced in the supply system, it is determined as stoichiometric mixture and referred to as λ = 1.0, whereas a weak mixture is determined as the value λ > 1.0, and a rich mixture λ < 1.0. Determination of the value of ratio, in addition to controlling the content of other ingre-
1 INTRODUCTION
A huge increase in the consumption of fossil fuels which took place in recent not only leads to the threat of depletion of resources, but also to an excessive emission of greenhouse gases. One of the important factors leading to the exhaustion of crude oil is road transport, which is also responsible for air pollution, especially in cities. Such status quo threatens the implementation of sustainable development, which was formulated for the first time in a well-known UN report Our Common Future. This report presented a holistic concept of human civilization. The main principle of sustainable development is ensuring the intra-generational equity, i.e. equal access to basic goods for all living people and avoiding polluting the environment (Udo et al. 2010, Pawłowski 2008, 2009a, 2009b, 2013). On the other hand, the principle of international equity advocates frugal and efficient use of non-renewable resources, so that future generations could have decent living conditions.
