ABSTRACT

Topological states in condensed matter are current research topics of tremendous interest due to both their unique physics and their potential in device applications. Skyrmions are topologically twisted spin textures that often form dense hexagonal lattices. A novel Hall effect caused by skyrmion spin-texture topology allows these lattices to be moved coherently over macroscopic distances with very low current densities. These features make magnetic skyrmions appealing for low-power memory and information processing applications. In this chapter, we review neutron and resonant soft X-ray scattering work on skyrmions. Resonant soft X-ray scattering, in particular, uniquely provides element-specific and orbital-sensitive electronic and magnetic structure information. This sensitivity of X-rays now makes it possible to perform electronic spectroscopy on skyrmions.