ABSTRACT
If you have the FORCE: Animal Drawing (2011) book, you’ll know that, in four-legged mammals, there is NO skeletal connection between the front limbs and the rib cage, causing their high level of flexibility. In humans, the only place where the bones connect to a rigid structure is where the clavicle connects to the manubrium through a saddle joint. Then, there are a ton of “ligatapes,” where the clavicle and the scapula connect. The humerus bone of the upper arm sits in the ball-and-socket joint of the scapula. The scapulae, in turn, slide around the back of the rib cage, defined by the movements of all the prior joints.
