ABSTRACT
CoNFLICTS between the claims of individual human beings and the societies to which they belong are as old as the human race. It is therefore surprising that few modern students of the so-called social sciences go back to first beginnings. Partly it may be that our romantic, irrational, emotional age does not want to seem like that of the great rationalists in the Enlightenment, who insisted on going back to 'the noble savage'. More probably it is because our age - despite its apparent sophistication - feels confused amid so much conflicting scientific evidence about primitive human societies from archaeologists, anthropologists, ethnologists, and others. Whatever the reasons, any contemporary treatise on political 'science', social psychology, sociology and other social disciplines is likely to eschew incursions into primitive human society and citizenship.
