A Contrastive Description of Projection in English and Spanish Across Ranks

This chapter provides a contrastive description of projection across ranks in English and Spanish, highlighting similarities and dissimilarities. The latter include, among others, the use in Spanish of the subjunctive vs the indicative to differentiate between proposals and propositions or the possibility, only in Spanish, to express projection within the verbal group by means of tense selection. Looking at projection across ranks allows one to ascertain the difference between projection, a semantic category, and quoting and reporting, lexicogrammatical realisations of projection at the clause complex level. Other possible realisations are by means of comment Adjuncts at the simple clause level, post-determination at the group level, etc.