ABSTRACT

Adverbs constitute a rather mixed bag of forms that can be used to qualify anything that an adjective doesn’t qualify, that is, anything except a noun. Many qualify verbs, as the name suggests, but they may also qualify adjectives, other adverbs, prepositions, and entire clauses. The most productive category of adverbs that qualify verbs consists of those formed by adding go to an adjective. An h is prefixed to a vowel, but no other mutation affects these forms. Adverbs of time and place may serve as predicates of bi or further identify the setting of any verb, usually following all the major constituents of the sentence. An elaborate system of deictic adverbs signals the direction or position of an individual or activity in relation to the speaker. Adverbs indicating general directionality toward or away from the speaker show the same three-way distinction in form.