ABSTRACT
This chapter presents techniques of extraction of new psychoactive substances from biological material collected from living and deceased subjects. Preparation of biological material for the toxicological analysis is quite simple and consists in adding of a dedicated buffer solution to an analyzed sample in a proper volume ratio. Each toxicological analysis of biological material for the presence of psychotropic and stupefying agents, and also new psychoactive substances (NPSs), has to start from a preliminary screening analysis. Hair is opined as a valuable biological material from a medical and judicial standpoint. Liquid–liquid extraction is the most frequently used technique of isolating psychoactive substances from body fluids. Liquid–liquid extraction of basic NPSs from blood or urine can be carried out in a number of different ways. An effective, although in toxicological laboratories less frequently applied, modification of solid phase extraction is solid phase microextraction.
