ABSTRACT
Benzodiazepines are numerous groups of anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and sedative compounds. At an initial stage of research on designer benzodiazepines and due to the lack of reference materials, standard diclazepam, pyrazolam, or flubromazepam were identified in tablets purchased in online shops, using the thin-layer chromatographic method. New psychoactive substances have appeared on an unprecedented scale on the global narcotic market. In the identification tests of new psychoactive substances in seized materials, a fundamental role is played by gas chromatography–electron impact mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The published methods of analysis of benzodiazepines in biological samples mostly include the analysis of single compounds in the context of testing their pharmacokinetics and biotransformation, or the analysis of intoxication cases. In the course of toxicological analysis of the so-called classic benzodiazepines, a wide range of immunoenzymatic screening methods are used.
