ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the main sample preparation techniques employed for Hazardous air pollutants (HAP) monitoring in air samples and comparatively evaluated. It provides selected applications of sample preparation techniques in outdoor, indoor, and breath air monitoring. Direct chromatographic separation and subsequent detection of HAPs are not always possible due to the low concentrations of pollutants in air samples. Cryogenic enrichment is typically performed for preconcentrating trace-level organics from air samples. Open tubular trapping is a sorptive technique used for the isolation and enrichment of target compounds in air firstly reported in the mid-1980s. Inside needle capillary adsorption trap is a solvent-free sample preparation technique that uses a hollow stainless steel needle filled with an internal coating as enrichment phase. Gum-phase extraction is a sample preparation technique that mainly employs polymeric sorbents for retention of target compounds from liquid and gaseous samples.
