ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews and assesses the status and trends of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among high-risk groups and antenatal women in India and various issues and challenges that will be critical in achieving the goals. HIV/Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is assumed the status of a major public health problem in India demanding multi-pronged public health interventions. Awareness and knowledge on HIV/AIDS among the people is a pre requisite for the success of the health interventions. The chapter describes the prevalence of HIV purely on the basis of sentinel surveillance data collected from the different sites. National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-3 is the first national survey in India to include HIV testing. NFHS-3 was designed to provide a national estimate of HIV in the household population of women age 15–49 and men age 15–54, as well as separate HIV estimates for each of the six highest HIV prevalence states.
